What Causes Moon Phases

Earth at center, the Moon's orbit in eight parts, three rays from the Sun; phases run new moon to waning crescent, and the footer notes a 29.53-day synodic month.

“What Causes Moon Phases” middle-school astronomy diagram: a white-background top-down view of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon's orbit in eight parts.
Start from this prompt

Middle-school astronomy diagram: a top-down view of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon's eight-part orbit, explaining how moon phases form.

Rays in vermilion orange

The Sun and its rays shift from amber yellow to vermilion orange; other colors and the layout stay.

Design it
Make a 16:9 horizontal middle-school astronomy diagram explaining how the positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon create the phases of the Moon.

Title: “What Causes Moon Phases.”

Draw a top-down view of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon's orbit divided into eight equal parts; the Sun sends three parallel rays of light toward Earth. Label the eight positions in order — “new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent” — with the corresponding lunar-calendar dates, and mark the direction of the Moon's revolution. At the bottom write “A synodic month is about 29.53 days” and “Distances and sizes in the diagram are not drawn to the same scale.”

White background, dark blue title; Earth in blue, the Sun and its rays in amber yellow, the lunar surface in warm white and charcoal gray, the orbit in thin black lines.

All eight phase names must consistently use the standard term “waxing crescent”; the lit side of the Moon must match the direction of the incoming sunlight, and Earth's rotation is not labeled.
Four rays instead of three

The Sun's parallel rays go from three to four; the labels stay.

Design it
Make a 16:9 horizontal middle-school astronomy diagram explaining how the positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon create the phases of the Moon.

Title: “What Causes Moon Phases.”

Draw a top-down view of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon's orbit divided into eight equal parts; the Sun sends three parallel rays of light toward Earth. Label the eight positions in order — “new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent” — with the corresponding lunar-calendar dates, and mark the direction of the Moon's revolution. At the bottom write “A synodic month is about 29.53 days” and “Distances and sizes in the diagram are not drawn to the same scale.”

White background, dark blue title; Earth in blue, the Sun and its rays in amber yellow, the lunar surface in warm white and charcoal gray, the orbit in thin black lines.

All eight phase names must consistently use the standard term “waxing crescent”; the lit side of the Moon must match the direction of the incoming sunlight, and Earth's rotation is not labeled.
Reframe to 3:2

The frame changes from 16:9 to 3:2; content and colors stay.

Design it
Make a 16:9 horizontal middle-school astronomy diagram explaining how the positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon create the phases of the Moon.

Title: “What Causes Moon Phases.”

Draw a top-down view of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon's orbit divided into eight equal parts; the Sun sends three parallel rays of light toward Earth. Label the eight positions in order — “new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent” — with the corresponding lunar-calendar dates, and mark the direction of the Moon's revolution. At the bottom write “A synodic month is about 29.53 days” and “Distances and sizes in the diagram are not drawn to the same scale.”

White background, dark blue title; Earth in blue, the Sun and its rays in amber yellow, the lunar surface in warm white and charcoal gray, the orbit in thin black lines.

All eight phase names must consistently use the standard term “waxing crescent”; the lit side of the Moon must match the direction of the incoming sunlight, and Earth's rotation is not labeled.